I am a sympathetic person.
Share this test with others
Meaning of RAADS–R scores
| Score | Interpretation |
|---|---|
| 25 | No indications of autism. |
| 50 | Presence of some traits associated with autism, though it's unlikely to be autism (note: some individuals with autism may have scores as low as 44). |
| 65 | Base threshold for potential autism consideration. |
| 90 | Enhanced signs of autism, though scores this high can also be found in non-autistic individuals. |
| 130 | Average score among individuals with autism, indicating a strong likelihood of autism. |
| 160 | Overwhelming evidence pointing towards autism. |
| 227 | Highest score recorded by individuals with autism in the foundational RAADS-R study by Ritvo. |
| 240 | The absolute maximum score attainable on the RAADS-R scale. |
RAADS-R Test: A Comprehensive Overview
The Ritvo Autism Asperger Diagnostic Scale-Revised (RAADS-R) is a questionnaire used to help diagnose Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) in adults. It is specifically designed to identify adults who may have been previously undiagnosed or 'escaped diagnosis' because their symptoms were not obvious. The RAADS-R is considered a valid and reliable diagnostic tool.[2][1][5]
Test Structure and Content
The RAADS-R is an 80-item questionnaire intended for adults aged 18 and older who have an average or above-average intelligence (an IQ score over 80). It is a self-report test, often administered and supervised by a clinician, that assesses developmental symptoms related to autism. The questions are grouped into four main areas derived from the characteristics of autism described in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5):[2][3][4][5]
Social Interactions
This section assesses an individual's experiences and behaviors in social situations.[3][4]
Communication Style
This subscale includes seven statements focusing on aspects like echolalia (repeating words or phrases), literal interpretation of language, and difficulties with small talk.[3]
Scoring and Interpretation
Each answer choice has a point value, and the scores are added up to a total score ranging from 0 to 240. A total score of 65 or higher is considered consistent with a diagnosis of ASD. Research has shown that neurotypical individuals generally score below 65.[3][5][6]
The RAADS-R is known for its high accuracy:
Role in Diagnosis
The RAADS-R is an adjunct tool designed to support a clinical diagnosis, not replace it. It is best used in combination with other assessment methods and the expertise of a qualified professional, such as an autism specialist. A clinician's final diagnosis takes precedence over the test results, as a clinical interview may uncover symptoms not captured by the questionnaire format. The test helps provide a more comprehensive picture, which can lead to better treatment and support for individuals diagnosed with ASD.[2][3][4][5]
Other versions of the test exist, including the original RAADS and a shorter, 14-question version called the RAADS-14 Screen.[4][7]
References
- embrace-autism.com: RAADS-R
- novopsych.com.au: Ritvo Autism Asperger Diagnostic Scale-Revised (RAADS-R)
- abacentersfl.com: What is the RAADS-R test?
- augmentive.io: The RAADS-R Test for Autism
- yellowbusaba.com: RAADS-R Test for Autism
- theraplatform.com: RAADS-R Test for Autism
- wikipedia.org: Ritvo Autism and Asperger Diagnostic Scale
- neurodirect.co.uk: RAADS-R Online Autism Test
Who Should Take the RAADS-R Test?
The RAADS-R test is specifically designed for adults who may have autism spectrum traits. Here's a guide to help you understand if this test might be appropriate for you or someone you know: [ref]
Adults with Suspicions of Autism
Individuals aged 16 and above who suspect they might have autism traits but have never received a formal diagnosis. This test is particularly helpful for those who have managed to cope but still feel different from others. [ref]
Healthcare Provider Referrals
People whose healthcare providers have suggested autism evaluation. The RAADS-R test can provide valuable insights to support the diagnostic process and help guide further assessments.
Parents and Guardians
Parents seeking additional information about their adult child's behaviors and experiences. This test can help provide insights into challenges and needs that might not be immediately apparent.
Those Needing Further Assessment
Individuals experiencing difficulties with social interaction, communication, or sensory processing. The test can help determine if professional evaluation might be beneficial.
Important Considerations
The RAADS-R test is a screening tool, not a diagnostic instrument. While it can provide valuable insights, a formal diagnosis of autism should always be made by qualified healthcare professionals who can conduct comprehensive evaluations. [ref]
References
- Ritvo, R. A., et al. (2011). The Ritvo Autism Asperger Diagnostic Scale-Revised (RAADS-R): A Scale to Assist the Diagnosis of Autism Spectrum Disorder in Adults: An International Validation Study. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 41(8), 1076-1089.
- Andersen, L. M., et al. (2011). The Swedish version of the Ritvo Autism and Asperger Diagnostic Scale: Revised (RAADS-R). A validation study of a rating scale for adults. Journal of autism and developmental disorders, 41(12), 1635-1645.
- Eriksson, J. M., Andersen, L. M., & Bejerot, S. (2013). RAADS-14 Screen: validity of a screening tool for autism spectrum disorder in an adult psychiatric population. Molecular autism, 4(1), 1-11.
Important Guidelines for Taking the RAADS-R Test
Professional Guidance
- •The RAADS-R test is a screening tool that should be used in conjunction with professional clinical evaluation
- •Always consult with qualified healthcare professionals for proper diagnosis and interpretation of results
- •Consider seeking guidance from specialists experienced in adult autism assessment
Test Limitations
- •The RAADS-R test is not a diagnostic tool and cannot provide a definitive autism diagnosis
- •Cultural, linguistic, and individual differences may affect test responses and interpretation
- •Some autistic traits may not be captured by this screening tool alone
Additional Resources
IMPORTANT: The RAADS-R test results should not be considered as a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. This test is designed to be an initial screening tool only. If you have concerns about autism or other developmental conditions, please consult with qualified healthcare professionals who can provide comprehensive evaluation and appropriate guidance. Early professional consultation is key to proper assessment and support.
Understanding RAADS-R Test
Learn more about how the RAADS-R test can help identify autism spectrum traits.
Frequently Asked Questions About RAADS-R Test
The RAADS-R (Ritvo Autism Asperger Diagnostic Scale-Revised) is a professionally validated screening tool designed to assist in identifying autism spectrum traits in adults. It consists of 80 questions across four domains: social relatedness, language, sensory-motor, and circumscribed interests. The test was developed by Dr. Ritvo and colleagues and published in the Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders in 2011.
For more detailed information, please consult with healthcare professionals.
RAADS-R Test Subscales Explained
Language (7 Questions)
The language subscale evaluates how you use and understand language in social situations:
- Movie Talk: Friends notice you've heard something new because you start using the word or phrase regularly
- Small Talk: Light conversations about everyday topics that people make during social interactions
- Being Literal: Understanding when spoken words don't match their intended meaning
Social Relatedness (39 Questions)
This largest subscale examines how you interact with and understand others:
Sensory-Motor (20 Questions)
This subscale looks at how you experience physical sensations and movement:
- Speaking volume control in different situations
- Speaking patterns (monotone, childlike, or using silly voices)
- Physical coordination and movement skills
- Reactions to sounds, textures, lights, and other sensations that might not bother others
Circumscribed Interests (14 Questions)
This subscale explores your patterns of interests and routines:
- Focusing on details while still seeing the bigger picture
- Reacting to unexpected changes in your routines
- Having and discussing specific intense interests
RAADS-R Test Average Scores Explained
The table below shows typical RAADS-R scores across different groups, helping you understand how your results compare to others:
| Group | Total Score | Language | Social Relatedness | Sensory/Motor | Circumscribed Interests |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Autism Threshold Values | 65.0 | 4.0 | 31.0 | 16.0 | 15.0 |
| Autistic Males | 148.6 | 11.9 | 71.3 | 36.7 | 28.7 |
| Autistic Females | 160.4 | 12.8 | 73.5 | 43.1 | 31.0 |
| Suspected Autistic Males | 141.6 | 11.2 | 70.0 | 33.3 | 27.2 |
| Suspected Autistic Females | 145.2 | 11.3 | 67.2 | 38.7 | 28.0 |
| Neurotypical Males | 84.2 | 6.6 | 43.0 | 19.0 | 15.7 |
| Neurotypical Females | 91.6 | 6.8 | 42.8 | 24.8 | 17.2 |
Understanding the Scores
You might notice that some neurotypical scores are above the autism threshold (65). This is because the online test data includes people who thought they were neurotypical but scored in the autistic range. Research with confirmed neurotypical participants shows much lower average scores.
Research-Based Mean Scores
For more accurate comparison, here are the mean scores from clinical research studies:
| Group | Mean Total | Range | Language | Social Relatedness | Sensory/Motor | Circumscribed Interests |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Autistic Spectrum (n=66) | 133.83 | 44-227 | 11.08 | 67.89 | 32.82 | 28.11 |
| Asperger (n=135) | — | — | 10.06 | 65.07 | 28.96 | 27.44 |
| Controls (n=276) | 25.95 | 0-65 | 1.86 | 9.24 | 5.26 | 5.03 |
RAADS-R Test Validity and Reliability
The RAADS-R is a scientifically validated instrument for assisting in the diagnosis of autism in adults. Here's what research tells us about its accuracy:
- No neurotypical who took the test scored above the autism threshold
- Only 3% of the autistic group did not score over 65
- Test-retest reliability was particularly high for the autistic group
| Measure | Result | What This Means |
|---|---|---|
| Sensitivity | 97% | Test's ability to identify positive results |
| Specificity | 100% | Test's ability to identify negative results |
| Concurrent Validity | 96% | Test's validity compared with ADOS Module 4, SRS |
| Test-retest Reliability | .987 | Test's agreement between results of successive measurements |
Understanding Sensitivity
A sensitivity of 97% means that 97% of autistic people who took the test met the cutoff score and were accurately classified as autistic. This represents the proportion of autistic individuals who were correctly identified by the test.
Understanding Specificity
The 100% specificity score means that all neurotypical people who took the test were correctly classified as non-autistic. This perfect specificity indicates the test's strong ability to avoid false positive results.
Important Clinical Considerations
A RAADS-R score of 65 or higher supports an autism diagnosis, but a clinician's diagnosis should take precedence if there are differences. Some symptoms may only become apparent during a professional interview.
Research shows that some autistic individuals, especially those in their late teens and early twenties, may not recognize symptoms that are apparent to their families and clinicians.
Latest Research Findings (2024)
Recent studies show that age, gender, and self-perception of autism don't affect how people understand and respond to the RAADS-R test. The only factor that significantly influences responses is the person's actual neurotype. Diagnosed and self-identified autistic individuals tend to respond similarly, while those uncertain about their status show different response patterns.
RAADS-R Test Questions by Category
Below you can see which statements of the RAADS-R belong to which subscales. Each question is categorized into one of four main areas: Social Relatedness, Language, Sensory-Motor, or Circumscribed Interests.
| Question # | Social Relatedness | Language | Sensory-Motor | Circumscribed Interests |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ✘ | - | - | - |
| 2 | - | ✘ | - | - |
| 3 | ✘ | - | - | - |
| 4 | - | - | ✘ | - |
| 5 | ✘ | - | - | - |
| 6 | ✘ | - | - | - |
| 7 | - | ✘ | - | - |
| 8 | ✘ | - | - | - |
| 9 | - | - | - | ✘ |
| 10 | - | - | ✘ | - |
| 11 | ✘ | - | - | - |
| 12 | ✘ | - | - | - |
| 13 | - | - | - | ✘ |
| 14 | ✘ | - | - | - |
| 15 | - | ✘ | - | - |
| 16 | - | - | ✘ | - |
| 17 | ✘ | - | - | - |
| 18 | ✘ | - | - | - |
| 19 | - | - | ✘ | - |
| 20 | ✘ | - | - | - |
| 21 | ✘ | - | - | - |
| 22 | ✘ | - | - | - |
| 23 | ✘ | - | - | - |
| 24 | - | - | - | ✘ |
| 25 | ✘ | - | - | - |
| 26 | ✘ | - | - | - |
| 27 | - | ✘ | - | - |
| 28 | ✘ | - | - | - |
| 29 | - | - | ✘ | - |
| 30 | - | - | - | ✘ |
| 31 | ✘ | - | - | - |
| 32 | - | - | - | ✘ |
| 33 | - | - | ✘ | - |
| 34 | - | - | ✘ | - |
| 35 | - | ✘ | - | - |
| 36 | - | - | ✘ | - |
| 37 | ✘ | - | - | - |
| 38 | ✘ | - | - | - |
| 39 | ✘ | - | - | - |
| 40 | - | - | - | ✘ |
| 41 | - | - | - | ✘ |
| 42 | - | - | ✘ | - |
| 43 | ✘ | - | - | - |
| 44 | ✘ | - | - | - |
| 45 | ✘ | - | - | - |
| 46 | - | - | ✘ | - |
| 47 | ✘ | - | - | - |
| 48 | ✘ | - | - | - |
| 49 | - | - | ✘ | - |
| 50 | - | - | - | ✘ |
| 51 | - | - | ✘ | - |
| 52 | - | - | - | ✘ |
| 53 | ✘ | - | - | - |
| 54 | ✘ | - | - | - |
| 55 | ✘ | - | - | - |
| 56 | - | - | - | ✘ |
| 57 | - | - | ✘ | - |
| 58 | - | ✘ | - | - |
| 59 | - | - | ✘ | - |
| 60 | ✘ | - | - | - |
| 61 | ✘ | - | - | - |
| 62 | - | - | ✘ | - |
| 63 | - | - | - | ✘ |
| 64 | ✘ | - | - | - |
| 65 | - | - | ✘ | - |
| 66 | - | ✘ | - | - |
| 67 | - | - | ✘ | - |
| 68 | ✘ | - | - | - |
| 69 | ✘ | - | - | - |
| 70 | - | - | - | ✘ |
| 71 | - | - | ✘ | - |
| 72 | ✘ | - | - | - |
| 73 | - | - | ✘ | - |
| 74 | - | - | ✘ | - |
| 75 | - | - | - | ✘ |
| 76 | ✘ | - | - | - |
| 77 | ✘ | - | - | - |
| 78 | - | - | - | ✘ |
| 79 | ✘ | - | - | - |
| 80 | ✘ | - | - | - |
Understanding the Categories
Each question in the RAADS-R test belongs to exactly one category. These categories help create a comprehensive profile of autism traits across different areas of functioning. The distribution of questions shows the relative importance of each area in the assessment.